Many Protestants argue that the “rock” in Matthew 16:18 refers to Peter’s confession, not Peter himself. However, leading Protestant scholars across Lutheran, Reformed, Baptist, and Anglican traditions disagree. Examining the Aramaic context and grammatical structure, scholars like Oscar Cullmann, D.A. Carson, and R.T. France conclude that the text clearly identifies Peter as the rock—even while rejecting papal infallibility. Discover why Protestant biblical scholarship supports the Catholic reading of this contested passage.
